Morning Brief: The Federal Reserve, the US-China Trade, and India over Russian oil

ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាមេរិក

មន្ត្រីធនាគារកណ្តាលអាមេរិកមួយចំនួនរួមមាន Collins, Miran, និង Waller កំពុងបង្ហាញពីក្តីបារម្ភយ៉ាងខ្លាំងទៅលើបញ្ហាទីផ្សារការងារ ដោយបានលើកឡើងថា “ហានិភ័យនៃភាពទន់ខ្សោយទីផ្សារការងារបានកើនឡើង” ទោះបីជាពួកគេក៏បានទទួលស្គាល់ថាអតិផរណានៅតែមានកម្រិតខ្ពស់ក៏ដោយ។ យ៉ាងណាមិញ ពួកគេនៅតែបន្តគាំទ្រទៅលើការបន្ធូរបន្ថយគោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុ (ការកាត់បន្ថយអត្រាការប្រាក់) ដោយទាំង Colins និង Miran បានផ្តល់យោបល់ថា “ការកាត់អត្រាការប្រាក់អាចនឹងមានមួយ ឬពីរដងបន្ថែមទៀតនៅឆ្នាំនេះ”។ ក្តីបារម្ភទាំងនេះកើតមានឡើងដោយសារតែសន្ទស្សន៍អារម្មណ៍ប្រជាជននៅទីនោះនៅតែទន់ខ្សោយ ហើយសូម្បីតែលោក Waller ក៏បានរំពឹងទុកថាអាចនឹងមានការបញ្ឈប់ការងារបន្ថែមទៀតដោយសារតែ AI។

រួមបញ្ចូលគ្នាជាមួយនឹងសុន្ទរកថារបស់ប្រធានធនាគារកណ្តាលអាេមរិកលោក Jerome Powell កាលពីថ្ងៃអង្គារ ពោលគឺការព្រមានពីការធ្លាក់ចុះនៃស្ថានភាពទីផ្សារការងារ។ ទាំងនេះសុទ្ធតែជំរុញឱ្យទីផ្សារជឿជាក់ថា ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាេមរិកអាចនឹងកាត់បន្ថយអត្រាការប្រាក់ចំនួន 2 ដងក្នុងឆ្នាំនេះ។​

ពាណិជ្ជកម្មអាមេរិក-ចិន

ទោះបីជាប្រធានាធិបតី Donald Trump បានប្រកាសពីការមានសង្រ្គាមពាណិជ្ជកម្មជាមួយប្រទេសចិនក៏ដោយ ក៏រដ្ឋមន្ត្រីក្រសួងរតនាគារសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក Scott Bessent ក៏បានស្នើសំណើទៅកាន់ប្រទេសចិនដូចគ្នាដើម្បីកាត់បន្ថយភាពតានតឹងមួយចំនួននោះដែរ។ ពោលគឺ សហរដ្ឋអាមេរិកអាចពន្យារការផ្អាកពន្ធនាំចូលហួសកាលបរិច្ឆេទកំណត់ខែវិច្ឆិកា (យូរជាងបីខែ) លុះត្រាតែចិនផ្អាកការត្រួតពិនិត្យការនាំចេញថ្មីលើធាតុកម្រ។

នេះអាចត្រូវបានគេមើលឃើញថាជាការផ្លាស់ប្តូរយុទ្ធសាស្ត្រមួយដើម្បីចរចារទៅលើបញ្ហាបន្ទះឈីប ដោយលោក Besent បានព្រមានថាសហរដ្ឋអាមេរិក និងសម្ព័ន្ធមិត្តអាចនឹងឆ្លើយតបអវិជ្ជមានចំពោះការគ្រប់គ្រងខ្សែសង្វាក់ផ្គត់ផ្គង់សកលរបស់ប្រទេសចិន។

ឥណ្ឌាលើប្រេងរុស្ស៊ី

ប្រធានាធិបតី Donald Trump អះអាងថា នាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីឥណ្ឌា Narendra Modi បានសន្យាថានឹងបញ្ឈប់ការទិញប្រេងពីរុស្ស៊ី ហើយនេះគឺជា “ជំហានដ៏ធំមួយ” ដើម្បីកាត់ផ្តាច់ប្រាក់ចំណូលថាមពលរបស់ទីក្រុងម៉ូស្គូ ចំពេលមានជម្លោះជាមួយអ៊ុយក្រែន។

លោកក៏បាននិយាយផងដែរថា លោកនឹងដាក់សម្ពាធលើប្រទេសចិនឱ្យធ្វើការប្តេជ្ញាចិត្តស្រដៀងគ្នានេះ ព្រោះថា ទាំងឥណ្ឌា និងចិនបច្ចុប្បន្នគឺជាអ្នកទិញប្រេងច្រើនជាងគេរបស់រុស្ស៊ី។ ប្រធានាធិបតីអាមេរិកក៏បានទទួលស្គាល់ផងដែរថា ការបញ្ឈប់របស់ឥណ្ឌាអាចនឹងត្រូវការពេលយូរបន្តិច ទោះបីជាស្ថានទូតឥណ្ឌាប្រចាំនៅទីក្រុងវ៉ាស៊ីនតោន មិនទាន់ចេញបញ្ជាក់នេះជាផ្លូវការក៏ដោយ។ 

|English Version|

The Federal Reserve

Federal Reserve officials, including Collins, Miran, and Waller, are signaling a growing concern over the labor market, with multiple comments indicating that “downside risks have risen” and the job market has “clearly weakened”, albeit they also acknowledge the sticky inflation from tariffs. Reflecting this pessimistic outlook, they remain lean toward further monetary policy, with both FED collins and Miran suggesting that having “one or two more interest rate cuts this year would be appropriate.” These concerns are compounded by weak consumer sentiment and Waller’s expectation of more layoffs due to AI.

Combined with the FED chair Jerome Powell’s speech on Tuesday, warning on the weakening in labor market conditions, the market now is still priced in for two rate cuts with chances of more than 90% each time. 

The US-China Trade

Despite President Donald Trump’s talk of having a trade war with China, US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent also proposed a clear path to de-escalation, saying that the US could extend the pause on import duties past the November deadline (longer than three months), only if China suspends the new export controls on rare-earth elements. 

This could be seen as a strategic move to stack up bargaining chips before the expected leader’s meeting, with Besent warning that the US and its allies are prepared to deliver a coordinated group response to China’s global supply chain management. 

India over Russian oil 

President Donald Trump claims that Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has pledged to stop purchasing Russian oil—a “big step” that follows US pressure and tariffs aimed at cutting off Moscow’s energy revenues amid the Ukraine conflict. 

He also said he would pressure China to make a similar commitment, as both India and China are currently the top buyers of Russian oil. The US President also acknowledged that India’s halt would be a gradual “process,” though the Indian Embassy in Washington has not yet confirmed Modi’s alleged commitment.

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