Effective Federal Fund Rate (EFFR/Fed Rate) 

⭐️ គន្លឹះសំខាន់

  • Fed Rate គឺជាអត្រាការប្រាក់គោលដៅ ដែលកំណត់ដោយ FOMC 
  • គោលដៅនៃ Fed Rate 
  • កាតព្វកិច្ចរបស់ Federal Reserve 
  • តើ Fed Rate ត្រូវបានកំណត់យ៉ាងដូចម្តេច? 
  • សារៈសំខាន់​ និងឥទ្ធិពលនៃ Fed Rate 

⭐️ ឈ្វេងយល់ពី Fed Rate

Fed Rate គឺជាអត្រាការប្រាក់គោលដៅ ដែលកំណត់ដោយ FOMC (គណៈកម្មាធិការទីផ្សារបើកចំហសហព័ន្ធ) សម្រាប់ធនាគារពាណិជ្ជខ្ចី និងផ្តល់ប្រាក់កម្ចីបម្រុងលើសរបស់ពួកគេឱ្យគ្នាទៅវិញទៅមក ហើយគោលបំណងចម្បងនៃការផ្លាស់ប្តូរនេះគឺដើម្បីប្រយុទ្ធប្រឆាំងនឹងអត្រាអតិផរណា។ 

⭐️ គោលដៅនៃ Fed Rate

គោលដៅនៃ Fed Rate៖ ដើម្បីលើកកម្ពស់កំណើនសេដ្ឋកិច្ចប្រកបដោយនិរន្តរភាព បង្កើនអត្រាមានការងារធ្វើឱ្យបានខ្ពស់ អត្រាការប្រាក់រយៈពេលវែងកម្រិតមធ្យម និងដើម្បីរក្សាអំណាចទិញនៃប្រាក់ដុល្លារអាមេរិក។ 

⭐️ កាតព្វកិច្ចរបស់ Federal Reserve ត្រូវបានបែងចែកជាបួនផ្នែកទូទៅ៖ 

  • អនុវត្តគោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុជាតិ 
  • ត្រួតពិនិត្យ និងធ្វើនិយ័តកម្មស្ថាប័នធនាគារ 
  • រក្សាស្ថិរភាពប្រព័ន្ធហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ 
  • ផ្តល់សេវាកម្មហិរញ្ញវត្ថុ 

⭐️ តើ Fed Rate ត្រូវបានកំណត់យ៉ាងដូចម្តេច?

Fed Rate ត្រូវបានកំណត់ដោយ៖ 

  • តាមរយៈការវាយតម្លៃស្ថានភាពសេដ្ឋកិច្ចរបស់ប្រទេស និងកំណត់គោលដៅសមស្របសម្រាប់អត្រាការប្រាក់។ 
  • ការវាយតម្លៃសូចនាករសេដ្ឋកិច្ចផ្សេងៗដើម្បីធ្វើការសម្រេចចិត្តជំរុញទិន្នន័យ ដែលជំរុញឱ្យមានកំណើនសេដ្ឋកិច្ចប្រកបដោយស្ថិរភាព និងរក្សាបាននូវទីផ្សារការងារដែលមានសុខភាពល្អ។ 

⭐️ សារៈសំខាន់នៃ Fed Rate

វាមានសារៈសំខាន់សម្រាប់ហេតុផល២បែបគឺ៖ 

  • នៅពេលដែលFOMC ដំឡើងអត្រាការប្រាក់៖ 

ក. អត្រាការប្រាក់ឡើងថ្លៃ ដែលធ្វើឱ្យធនាគារពិបាកក្នុងការខ្ចីប្រាក់ 

ខ. ធ្វើឱ្យសេដ្ឋកិច្ចធ្លាក់ចុះ ដោយសារតែអាជីវកម្មផ្សេងៗពិបាកក្នុងការខ្ចីប្រាក់យកទៅវិនិយោគ 

  • នៅពេលដែល FOMC បន្ថយអត្រាការប្រាក់៖ 

ក. អត្រាការប្រាក់ចុះថោក ដូចនេះធនាគារងាយស្រួលក្នុងការខ្ចីប្រាក់ 

ខ. ជួយជម្រុញឱ្យ​មានកំណើនសេដ្ឋកិច្ច ដោយសារតែមានការខ្ចីប្រាក់ពីបណ្តាក្រុមហ៊ុន និងវិនិយោគិនផ្សេងៗយកទៅវិនិយោគ 

⭐️ ឥទ្ធិពលនៃ Fed Rate

  • Fed rate អាចប៉ះពាល់ដល់ចំនួនដែលធនាគារពាណិជ្ជគិតថ្លៃគ្នាទៅវិញទៅមកសម្រាប់ប្រាក់កម្ចីរយៈពេលខ្លី ដែលមានន័យថា អត្រាខ្ពស់ជាងនេះ ធ្វើឱ្យថ្លៃដើមនៃការខ្ចីប្រាក់កាន់តែថ្លៃ ដែលអាចកាត់បន្ថយតម្រូវការក្នុងចំណោមធនាគារ និងស្ថាប័នហិរញ្ញវត្ថុផ្សេងទៀតក្នុងការខ្ចីប្រាក់។ 
  • វាអាចប៉ះពាល់ដល់ទីផ្សារភាគហ៊ុន និងសញ្ញាប័ណ្ណ ប័ណ្ណឥណទាន ប្រាក់កម្ចីផ្ទាល់ខ្លួន ប្រាក់កម្ចីសិស្ស ប្រាក់កម្ចីរថយន្ត និងប្រាក់កម្ចីអាជីវកម្មជាដើម។ 

|English Version|

⭐️ Key takeaway

  • Fed Rate is the target interest rate which set by FOMC. 
  • The goal of Fed Rate 
  • The duties of the Federal Reserve 
  • How is the fed rate determined 
  • The importance and impact of Fed Rate 

⭐️ Understand about Fed Rate

The Fed Rate is not an indicator but is the target rate set by the FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee)​ for commercial banks to borrow and lend their excess reserves to each other overnight. Thus, the primary purpose of this change is to combat with inflation rate. 

⭐️ The goal of Fed Rate

The goal of the Fed Rate is to promote sustainable economic growth, high employment rates, moderate long-term interest rates, and to preserve the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar. 

⭐️ What are the duties of the Federal Reserve?

The Fed’s main duties include: 

  • Conducting national monetary policy 
  • Supervising and regulating banks 
  • Maintaining financial stability 
  • Providing banking services 

⭐️ How is the fed rate determined?

Fed Rate is determined by: 

  • Assessing the nation’s economic conditions and determining the appropriate target range for the fed rates. 
  • Evaluating various economic indicators to make data-driven decisions that promote stable economic growth and maintain a healthy labor market. 

⭐️ The importance of Fed Rate

It is important for 2 reasons: 

  • FOMC raises the interest rates: 

a. More expensive for banks to borrow money 

b. Helps to slow down the economy by making it more expensive for businesses to borrow money and invest. 

  • FOMC lowers the interest rates: 

a. Cheaper for banks to borrow money. 

b. Helps to stimulate the economy by making it cheaper for businesses to borrow money and invest. 

⭐️ The impact of Fed Rate

  • The fed rates can impact how much commercial banks charge each other for short-term loans which means a higher rate means more expensive borrowing costs, which can reduce demand among banks and other financial institutions to borrow money. 
  • It can impact the stock and bond markets, credit cards, personal loans, student loans, auto loans, and business loans. 

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