Market Dose: Federal Reserve’s May 2025 Rate Decision and Trump’s action

  • ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាមេរិកសម្រេចចិត្តរក្សាអត្រាការប្រាក់នៅក្នុងកម្រិតដដែល 4.5% រហូតដល់ខែកក្កដា ដោយសារការកើនឡើងនៃភាពមិនច្បាស់លាស់នៅក្នុងទស្សនវិស័យសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។ នេះបានបង្ហាញពីការប្រុងប្រយ័ត្នរបស់ពួកគេទៅលើស្ថានភាពបច្ចុប្បន្ន ហើយក៏អាចនឹងផ្តល់នូវពេលវេលាបន្ថែមទៀតសម្រាប់បម្រែបម្រួលសេដ្ឋកិច្ចនាពេលបន្ទាប់។ 
  • ទីផ្សារនៅតែបន្តព្យាករណ៍ថា អត្រាការប្រាក់អាចនឹងកាត់ចំនួនបីនៅឆ្នាំនេះ ដោយចាប់ផ្តើមពីខែកក្កដា នេះបើយោងទៅតាម CME FEDWatch Tool ។
  • ហានិភ័យពីរដែលអាចកើតមាន៖ អត្រាគ្មានការងារធ្វើខ្ពស់ និងអត្រាអតិផរណាខ្ពស់ពីផលប៉ះពាល់ពន្ធគយ → ប្រសិនបើទាំងពីរសុទ្ធតែកើនឡើងមែននោះ វានឹងអាចបង្កើតឱ្យមានសេណារីយ៉ូស្ថិរតាអតិផរណា។ 
  • នៅចំណុចនេះ FED មានជម្រើសពីរ៖ រក្សាអត្រាការប្រាក់ដើម្បីទប់ទល់នឹងកំណើនអតិផរណា ឬកាត់បន្ថយអត្រាការប្រាក់ដើម្បីជំរុញកំណើនសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។ 
  • យោងតាមលោក Simon White អ្នកយុទ្ធសាស្រ្តម៉ាក្រូសេដ្ឋកិច្ចនៅ Markets Live បាននិយាយថា “ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាចនឹងត្រូវបង្ខំឱ្យកាត់បន្ថយអត្រាការប្រាក់នៅឆ្នាំនេះ ប្រសិនបើពន្ធនាំឱ្យមានវិបត្តិសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។” 
  • លោក Powell ក៏​បាន​លើក​ឡើង​ផង​ដែរ​ថា “ពួកយើងអាចនឹងសម្រេចគោលដៅ ក្នុងរយៈពេលវែងជាងនេះ​ ប្រសិន​បើ​ពន្ធ​នៅ​តែ​បន្ត” ដោយ​សង្កត់​ធ្ងន់​លើ​កិច្ច​ព្រម​ព្រៀង​ពាណិជ្ជកម្ម​ជាមួយ​នឹង​ប្រទេស​ផ្សេង​ទៀត។ 
  • ទោះបីជាលោកប្រធានាធិបតី Trump បានជំរុញជាសាធារណៈឱ្យធនាគារកណ្តាលអាមេរិកកាត់បន្ថយអត្រាការប្រាក់ក៏ដោយ ប្រធានធនាគារកណ្តាលអាមេរិកលោក Powell បាននិយាយថា “ការអំពាវនាវទាំងនេះមិនមានឥទ្ធិពលលើដំណើរការធ្វើការសម្រេចចិត្តរបស់ពួកគេឡើយ”។ នេះមានន័យថា ពួកគេនឹងធ្វើការសម្រេចចិត្តតាមរយៈទិន្នន័យសេដ្ឋកិច្ច ទស្សនវិស័យ និងហានិភ័យដែលអាចកើតមាន។

ប្រតិកម្មទីផ្សារ៖

ព័ត៌មានសំខាន់ៗផ្សេងទៀត៖ 

  • លោក Trump ក៏​បាន​ប្រកាស​នៅ​ព្រឹក​នេះ​ដែរ​ថា នឹង​មាន​ការ​ប្រកាស​ដំណើរការ​ពាណិជ្ជកម្មជាមួយនឹងប្រទេសជិតខាង ព្រមទាំងពន្ធក្នុងស្រុក​នៅ​ថ្ងៃ​ស្អែក​នៅ​ម៉ោង ១០ ព្រឹក​នៅ​ទីនោះ (ដែល​ប្រហែល​ជា​ម៉ោង ៩-១១ យប់​នៅ​កម្ពុជា)។
  • ទោះបីជាលោក Trump បានលើកឡើងពីលទ្ធភាពដែលលោកអាចនឹងបន្ទាបទៅលើពន្ធជាមួយប្រទេសចិនក៏ដោយ នេះមិនមានន័យថាគាត់មានឆន្ទៈក្នុងការដកពន្ធ 145% មកវិញទាំងស្រុង មុនពេលដែលមិនទាន់មានអ្វីមួយជាក់លាក់នោះឡើយ។ សូម្បីតែ Miran របស់ CEA នៅអាមេរិកក៏បាននិយាយថា “Trump បាននិយាយថាអាចមានការរំខានពីពាណិជ្ជកម្ម” ។
  • ក្រៅពីនេះ លោក Trump ក៏បានបង្ហើបថាអាចនឹងមានបទឈប់បាញ់នៅមជ្ឈិមបូព៌ា (អាចសំដៅទៅលើតំបន់ហ្គាហ្សា) ដែលអាចឬមិនអាចកើតឡើងក្នុងរយៈពេល 24 ម៉ោង។

| English Version |

  • Given an increased uncertainty in the economic outlook, the Federal Reserve has decided to hold the interest rate steady at 4.5% until July. This signaled a continued “wait and see” approach that will offer more time for things to play out, particularly in the tariff. 
    • The market continues to price in three rate cuts this year, starting in July, according to the CME FEDWatch Tool.
      • Potential two-sided risk: higher unemployment rate and higher inflation rate from the tariff impact → if both come, then it would likely lead to a stagflation scenario. 
      • At this point, the FED has two choices: either hold to combat inflation or cut to stimulate economic growth. 
      • As per Simon White, Markets Live macro strategist, “The Fed may be forced to cut rates this year if tariffs cause a recession.”
      • Powell also cited that “We won’t make progress on goals this year if tariffs stay,” stressing the trade agreement with other nations. 
      • Even if President Trump has been publicly urging the Fed to lower interest rates, Fed Chair Powell stated that these calls have no influence on the Fed’s decision-making process, which is solely based on economic data, the outlook, and the balance of risks.

        Market Reaction:

        Other Important News: 

        • Trump also announced earlier this morning that there will be a big trade and tax bill announcement tomorrow at 10 AM there (which might be around 9-11 PM in Cambodia)
        • Even though Trump mentioned the potential for lower trade negotiations with China, this does not mean that he’s willing to pull back the 145% tariff completely before something settles yet. Even US CEA’s Miran also stated that, “Trump has said there may be disruptions from trade.”
          • Trump is also hinting at the possible Middle East (could possibly refer to Gaza) ceasefire, which might or might not happen in 24 hours.

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