The Bigger Picture: What to Consider in Fundamental Analysis

នៅក្នុងការជួយដូរ មានសសរស្តម្ភចំនួនបួនដែលត្រូវបានគេប្រើប្រាស់ច្រើន ជាពិសេសទៅលើការវិភាគតាមបែបមូលដ្ឋានឬត្រូវបានស្គាល់ថាជាការវិភាគសេដ្ឋកិច្ច និងចុងក្រោយគឺការវិភាគតាមបែបបច្ចេកទេស។ ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ប្រភេទនីមួយៗកំពុងត្រូវបានពិចារណាតាមរយៈកត្តាជាច្រើនដូចខាងក្រោម។ 

សេចក្តីប្រកាសរបស់ធនាគារកណ្តាល

ការផ្លាស់ប្តូរគោលនយោបាយតាមរយៈគោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុ ឬគោលនយោបាយសារពើពន្ធនឹងជះឥទ្ធិពលយ៉ាងធំធេងលើសកម្មភាពសេដ្ឋកិច្ច ជាពិសេសសន្ទស្សន៍អារម្មណ៍របស់វិនិយោគិនចំពោះការវិនិយោគរបស់ពួកគេ។ ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាចរឹតបន្តឹង ឬបន្ធូរបន្ថយរូបិយវត្ថុ ដើម្បីសម្រេចឲ្យបាននូវស្ថិរភាពតម្លៃ បង្កើនចំនួនការងារឲ្យបានច្រើន ព្រមទាំងរក្សាស្ថានភាពសេដ្ឋកិច្ចក្នុងសុខភាពល្អប្រសើរ។ 

ទិន្នន័យសេដ្ឋកិច្ច 

ដើម្បីឲ្យធនាគារកណ្តាលធ្វើការសម្រេចចិត្តគោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុឲ្យបានត្រឹមត្រូវ ពួកគេត្រូវតាមដានទៅលើទិន្នន័យសេដ្ឋកិច្ចមួយចំនួន ដូចជាអត្រាគ្មានការងារធ្វើ អត្រាអតិផរណា ផលិតផលសរុបក្នុងស្រុក ការលក់រាយ ឬសន្ទស្សន៍អ្នកគ្រប់គ្រងការទិញជាដើម។ ទិន្នន័យសំខាន់ៗទាំងនេះនឹងកំណត់លទ្ធភាពនៃការសម្រេចចិត្តលើអត្រាការប្រាក់។ កំណើនសេដ្ឋកិច្ចកាន់តែច្រើន និងអតិផរណាខ្ពស់អាចធ្វើឲ្យធនាគារកណ្តាលរឹតបន្តឹងគោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុបន្ថែមទៀត និងផ្ទុយមកវិញ។ 

ទោះបីជាយ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ទស្សនវិស័យសេដ្ឋកិច្ចពិតប្រាកដ ព្រមការឆ្លើយតបរបស់ធនាគារកណ្តាលជាធម្មតាមិនបង្ហាញដូចអ្វីដែលយើងបានរៀននោះទេ។ ជាក់ស្តែង ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាចនឹងពិចារណាទៅលើកត្តាផ្សេងៗទៀត មុននឹងធ្វើការសម្រេចចិត្ត ដូច្នេះពាណិជ្ជករគួរតែប្រុងប្រយ័ត្នខ្ពស់ចំពោះការ​ជួញដូររបស់ពួកគេ។ 

កត្តានយោបាយ 

នេះអាចនឹងមានបម្រែបម្រួលខ្លាំង អាស្រ័យទៅលើប្រតិកម្មរបស់អ្នកនយោបាយទៅលើកាលៈទេសៈនីមួយៗ ហើយនោះជាអ្វីដែលបណ្តាលឱ្យមានភាពមិនច្បាស់លាស់នៅក្នុងទស្សនវិស័យសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។ ដូច្នេះហើយបានជា ពួកគេគប្បីកំណត់ការគ្រប់គ្រងទៅលើហានិភ័យឲ្យបានគ្រប់គ្រាន់ នៅពេលយុទ្ធនាការបោះឆ្នោតជិតមកដល់។ 

កត្តាផ្សេងទៀតដូចជាគ្រោះធម្មជាតិ និងរដូវកាល

ដូចគ្នានឹងកត្តានយោបាយដែរ គ្រោះធម្មជាតិមិនដែលប្រាប់អ្នកណាម្នាក់ជាមុនទេ ហើយនៅពេលដែលវារីករាលដាល លទ្ធភាពនៃអត្រាអ្នកអត់ការងារធ្វើ អតិផរណា និងវិបត្តិសេដ្ឋកិច្ចគឺខ្ពស់ណាស់។ ជាក់ស្តែង ដូចកាល Covid-19 ជាដើម។ ដោយសារតែមានការរឹតបន្តឹងលើការជួញដូរ តម្រូវការនៅទីនោះកាន់តែយ៉ាប់យ៉ឺន និងកង្វះការផ្គត់ផ្គង់នៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ចទៀតនោះ នេះបានធ្វើឱ្យសេដ្ឋកិច្ចប្រឈមនឹងហានិភ័យនៃការធ្លាក់ចុះសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។

|English Version|

As you may already know, the four pillars of trading are based specifically on two main analyses, including the fundamental and technical analysis. However, each category is being considered through many factors, such as those listed below. 

Central Bank announcement

    Changes in policy, either through monetary policy or fiscal policy, will largely affect economic activities, especially investor sentiment toward investment portfolios. The central bank can either tighten or ease the monetary policy, which aims to achieve price stability, maximize employment changes, and improve the overall economic condition. 

    Economic Data 

      To set the right tool for monetary policy adjustment, the central bank may need to assess the economic data, including the unemployment rate, inflation rate, gross domestic product, retail sales, or purchasing managers’ index. These crucial data will determine the likelihood of a rate decision. Stronger economic growth and high inflation may require tighter monetary policy and vice versa. 

      Theory aside, the real economic outlook and central bank response do not normally showcase just like what we have learned. The central bank may be required to assess other factors before making any adjustments. Therefore, it is often mistaken and traders should take serious caution toward the trading journey. 

      Politics 

        This involves something very unexpected, depending on how the politician reacts toward each circumstance, and that is what causes uncertainty in the economic outlook. With that in mind, it is highly recommended not to put all eggs in one basket when the voting campaign is around. 

        Other factors such as natural disasters and seasonality. 

          The same as political factors, a natural disaster never alerts anyone in advance, and once it is spread, the likelihood of having a high unemployment rate, high inflation, and recession is very high. Take COVID-19 for an example. Due to restrictions on trading, demand deteriorated, and a lack of supply in the economy, this will put the economy at risk of recession.

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