Understanding about Money Supply

⭐️ គន្លឹះសំខាន់
– ការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ ឬជាភាសាអង់គ្លេសហៅថា Money Supply (M) គឺសំដៅលើចំនួនប្រាក់សរុប ដែលចរាចរនៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។
– Money Supply ជាទូទៅត្រូវបានបែងចែកជាបួនយ៉ាងគឺ M0, M1, M2, M3។
– ការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ គឺជាឧបករណ៍ដ៏សំខាន់មួយសម្រាប់ធនាគារកណ្តាល និងអ្នកបង្កើតគោលនយោបាយ ដើម្បីត្រួតពិនិត្យ និងគ្រប់គ្រងសុខភាពសេដ្ឋកិច្ចទាំងមូល។

⭐️ តើការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុជាអ្វី?
ការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ ឬជាភាសាអង់គ្លេសហៅថា Money Supply (M) គឺសំដៅលើចំនួនប្រាក់សរុប ដែលចរាចរនៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។ Money Supply រួមបញ្ចូលទម្រង់ផ្សេងៗនៃប្រាក់ដូចជា រូបិយប័ណ្ណរូបវន្ត និងកាក់ រហូតដល់មានសមតុល្យគណនីឌីជីថល និងសមតុល្យគណនីធនាគារ។ Money Supply មានសារៈសំខាន់ណាស់នៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ច និងគោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុ ព្រោះវាមានឥទ្ធិពលលើសកម្មភាពសេដ្ឋកិច្ច អតិផរណា និងអត្រាការប្រាក់។

⭐️ ប្រភេទនៃការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ
Money Supply ជាទូទៅត្រូវបានបែងចែកជាបួនយ៉ាងគឺ M0, M1, M2, M3 គឺ៖
– M0 ជារង្វាន់រូចបំផុតនៃការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ ដែលជារួមមានសាច់ប្រាក់តម្កល់នៅក្នុងធនាគារ និងចំនួនទឹកប្រាក់ដែលធ្វើចរាចរនៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ច។ M0 រួមមានសាច់ប្រាក់ ឬទ្រព្យសកម្មដែលអាចបម្លែងជារូបិយប័ណ្ណភ្លាមៗ។
– M1 គឺជាប្រភេទនៃការផ្គត់ផ្គង់សាច់ប្រាក់ ដែលរួមមានកាក់ ក្រដាសប្រាក់ជាដើម។ គេប្រើប្រាស់ M1 ដើម្បីកំណត់នូវបរិមាណសាច់ប្រាក់ដែលធ្វើចរាចរ ហើយក្នុង M1 នោះផងដែរមានរួមបញ្ចូលដូចជាសាច់ប្រាក់ ឬទ្រព្យសកម្មដែលអាចបម្លែងជារូបិយប័ណ្ណភ្លាមៗ។
M2 គឺជាប្រភេទមួយនៅក្នុងការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ ដោយមានរួមបញ្ចូលទាំង M1  និងរាល់ការដាក់ប្រាក់ ការសន្សំ និងមូលធននៅក្នុងស្ថាប័ន មិនមែនទីផ្សារហរិញ្ញវត្ថុ។​​ អ្នកសេដ្ឋកិច្ចប្រើប្រាស់ M2 ដើម្បីពិនិត្យមើលទៅលើចំនួនសាច់ប្រាក់ ដែលចរាចរនៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ច ដើម្បីបង្ហាញនូវលក្ខខណ្ឌសេដ្ឋកិច្ចរូបិយវត្ថុ។

Are CDs Right for You? - RCB Bank

M3 គឺជាប្រភេទនៃការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុដែលរួមមាន M2 ការដាក់ប្រាក់ក្នុងរយៈពេលវែង មូលធន និងទ្រព្យសកម្មដែលអាចបម្លែងសាច់ប្រាក់ដែលមានមួយចំនួនធំ។ ក្នុងនោះផងដែរ M3 មានលក្ខណៈទូលាយជាង M2 ហើយត្រូវបានអ្នកសេដ្ឋកិច្ចប្រើប្រាស់ដើម្បីប៉ាន់ស្មានការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុនៅក្នុងសេដ្ឋកិច្ចទាំងមូល។

5 Things You Didn't Know About Economist as a Career 2023

⭐️ ឥទ្ធិពលនៃការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុមកលើសេដ្ឋកិច្ច
ការផ្គត់ផ្គង់រូបិយវត្ថុ គឺជាឧបករណ៍ដ៏សំខាន់មួយសម្រាប់ធនាគារកណ្តាល និងអ្នកបង្កើតគោលនយោបាយ ដើម្បីត្រួតពិនិត្យ និងគ្រប់គ្រងសុខភាពសេដ្ឋកិច្ចទាំងមូល។ ជាងនេះទៅទៀត ការប្រែប្រួលក្នុងការផ្គត់ផ្គង់ប្រាក់អាចប៉ះពាល់ដល់អត្រាការប្រាក់ អតិផរណា និងកំណើនសេដ្ឋកិច្ចបានផងដែរ។ ម្យ៉ាងវិញទៀត តាមរយៈការកែតម្រូវការផ្គត់ផ្គង់ប្រាក់តាមរយៈឧបករណ៍គោលនយោបាយរូបិយវត្ថុផ្សេងៗដូចជា ប្រតិបត្តិការទីផ្សារបើកចំហ ឬការផ្លាស់ប្តូរតម្រូវការទុនបម្រុង ធនាគារកណ្តាលអាចមានឥទ្ធិពលលើលក្ខខណ្ឌសេដ្ឋកិច្ចដើម្បីសម្រេចបាននូវគោលបំណងគោលនយោបាយរបស់ពួកគេ ដូចជារក្សាស្ថិរភាពតម្លៃ និងប្រជាពលរដ្ឋមានការងារធ្វើពេញលេញ។

| English Version |

⭐️ Key takeaway
– Money supply, often abbreviated as “M,” refers to the total amount of money in circulation within an economy at a specific point in time.
– There are different measures or classifications of money supply, which are often denoted as M0, M1, M2, M3, and so on.
– Money supply is a critical tool for central banks and policymakers to monitor and manage the overall health of an economy.

⭐️ What is Money Supply?
Money supply, often abbreviated as “M,” refers to the total amount of money in circulation within an economy at a specific point in time. It encompasses various forms of money, from physical currency and coins to digital and bank account balances. Money supply is a critical concept in economics and monetary policy, as it influences economic activity, inflation, and interest rates.

⭐️ Components of Money Supply
M0 (MB or Monetary Base):
M0 represents the most basic and narrow measure of money supply.
It includes physical currency (coins and banknotes) in circulation, as well as the reserves held by commercial banks at the central bank (often referred to as “vault cash”).
M0 is sometimes called the “monetary base” because it serves as the foundation for the broader money supply measures.

M1 (Narrow Money):
M1 is a broader measure that includes M0.
In addition to the components of M0, M1 includes demand deposits, which are funds held in checking accounts that are readily accessible for day-to-day transactions.
It represents money that is highly liquid and readily used for purchases and payments.

M2 (Broad Money):
M2 is a more comprehensive measure of the money supply that encompasses M1.
It includes all the elements in M1, as well as savings accounts, time deposits (certificates of deposit or CDs) with relatively short maturities, and money market mutual funds.
M2 represents money that is somewhat less liquid than M1 but is still readily accessible for various financial transactions.

Are CDs Right for You? - RCB Bank

M3 (Broadest Money):
Some economies may use M3 or even broader measures of money supply, which include additional components such as longer-term time deposits, large institutional money market funds, and other liquid assets held by financial institutions.

5 Things You Didn't Know About Economist as a Career 2023

⭐️ Effect of Money Supply on the economy
Money supply is a critical tool for central banks and policymakers to monitor and manage the overall health of an economy. Changes in the money supply can affect interest rates, inflation, and economic growth. By adjusting the money supply through various monetary policy tools (such as open market operations or changes in reserve requirements), central banks can influence economic conditions to achieve their policy objectives, such as price stability and full employment.

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